What is the difference between Heap and Red-Black Tree?

What is Heap?

A Heap is a special Tree-based data structure in which the tree is a complete binary tree. There are two types of heap – Min heap and Max heap.

To learn more about heap, go through the following article: Introduction to Heap

What is a Red-Black Tree?

• The red-Black tree is a self-balancing binary search tree in which each node contains an extra bit for denoting the color of the node, either red or black.

Differences between Heap and Red-Black Tree

S.No.	Heap	Red Black Tree
1.	You can’t find an arbitrary element in a heap in O(log N).	1. You can find an arbitrary element in a Red-Black Tree in O(log N).
2.	Implement using a complete binary tree.	2. Implement using a self-balancing binary search tree.
3.	Ordering, parent < children in Min Heap and parent > children in Max Heap.	3. Ordering, left child < parent < right child.
4.	The structure is implicit, the root is at position 0, and children of the root are at 1 and 2, so no overhead per element.	4. Pointers are used to represent the structure of the tree, so overhead per element.
5.	Typical use, priority queue, and heap sort.	5. Typical use, TreeSet, TreeMap, and Hashmap in the Java Collections Library and ordered map in C++ STL.

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