Replace every character of a string by a different character

Given a string str of lowercase alphabets only. The task is to replace every character by some new character. The new character belongs to (small case only) Replacement of str[i] is determined by:

str[i] = Character obtained after traversing ascii(str[i]) no. of characters in ‘a-z’ repeatedly after str[i].

Examples: 

Input: str = “geeksforgeeks” 
Output: fbbnddvbfbbnd
In the above case str = “geeksforgeeks”, 
the ASCII value of ‘g’ is 103 therefore ‘g’ has been replaced by moving 103 times from ‘g’ in the desired range i.e., a-z. 
Hence, character ‘g’ is replaced by ‘f’. 
Similarly, the complete string “geeksforgeeks” becomes “fbbnddvbfbbnd”.

Input: str = “science” 
Output: dxjbtxb

Approach:

1. Traverse the string.
2. For every i, find the character that needs to be replaced with str[i].
3. Replace str[i] with that character.

Implementation:

C++

// C++ program for Replace every character of a
// string by a different character
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// Function to manipulate the string
void manipulateString(string &str)
{

    // looping through each character of string
    for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {

        // storing integer ASCII value of
        // the character in 'asc'
        int asc = str[i];

        // 'rem' contains coded value which
        // needs to be rounded to 26
        int rem = asc - (26 - (str[i] - 'a'));

        // converting 'rem' character in range
        // 0-25 and storing in 'm'
        int m = rem % 26;

        // printing character by adding ascii value of 'a'
        // so that it becomes in the desired range i.e. a-z
        str[i] = (char)(m + 'a');
    }
}

// Driver code
int main()
{

    // Declaring str as 'geeksforgeeks'
    string str = "geeksforgeeks";

    manipulateString(str);

    cout << str;

    return 0;
}

Java

// Java program for Replace every character of a
// string by a different character
public class GFG {

    //Function to manipulate the string
    static void manipulateString(String str)
    {

        char[] str1 = str.toCharArray();

     // looping through each character of string
     for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {

         // storing integer ASCII value of
         // the character in 'asc'

         int asc = str1[i];

         // 'rem' contains coded value which
         // needs to be rounded to 26
         int rem = asc - (26 - (str1[i] - 97));

         // converting 'rem' character in range
         // 0-25 and storing in 'm'
         int m = rem % 26;

         // printing character by adding ascii value of 'a'
         // so that it becomes in the desired range i.e. a-z
         str1[i] = (char)(m + 'a');

     }

     String str2 = String.valueOf(str1);
     System.out.println(str2);

    }

    //Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // Declaring str as 'geeksforgeeks'
         String str = "geeksforgeeks";

         manipulateString(str);


    }
}

Python 3

# Python 3 program for Replace every character of a
# string by a different character

# Function to manipulate the string
def manipulateString(str) :

    # looping through each character of string
    for i in range(len(str)) :

        # storing integer ASCII value of
        # the character in 'asc'
        asc = ord(str[i])

        # 'rem' contains coded value which
        # needs to be rounded to 26
        rem = asc - (26 - (ord(str[i]) - ord('a')))

        # converting 'rem' character in range
        # 0-25 and storing in 'm'
        m  = rem % 26

        #printing character by adding ascii value of 'a'
        # so that it becomes in the desired range i
        str[i] = chr(m + ord('a'))

    # join method join all individual
    # characters to form a string
    print(''.join(str))

# Driver code
if __name__ == "__main__" :

    str = "geeksforgeeks"

    # convert string into list of characters
    str = list(str)

    # Function calling
    manipulateString(str)


# This code is contributed by ANKITRAI1

C#

// C# program for Replace every character of a
// string by a different character
using System;
public class GFG {

    //Function to manipulate the string
    static void manipulateString(String str)
    {

        char[] str1 = str.ToCharArray();

     // looping through each character of string
     for (int i = 0; i < str.Length; i++) {

         // storing integer ASCII value of
         // the character in 'asc'

         int asc = str1[i];

         // 'rem' contains coded value which
         // needs to be rounded to 26
         int rem = asc - (26 - (str1[i] - 97));

         // converting 'rem' character in range
         // 0-25 and storing in 'm'
         int m = rem % 26;

         // printing character by adding ascii value of 'a'
         // so that it becomes in the desired range i.e. a-z
         str1[i] = (char)(m + 'a');

     }

     String str2 = String.Join("",str1);
     Console.WriteLine(str2);

    }

    //Driver code
    public static void Main() {

        // Declaring str as 'geeksforgeeks'
         String str = "geeksforgeeks";
         manipulateString(str);


    }
}
// This code is contributed by PrinciRaj1992

Javascript

<script>

// Javascript program for Replace every character of a
// string by a different character


// Function to manipulate the string
function manipulateString(str)
{

    // looping through each character of string
    for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {

        // storing integer ASCII value of
        // the character in 'asc'
        var asc = str[i];

        // 'rem' contains coded value which
        // needs to be rounded to 26
        var rem = asc.charCodeAt(0) - (26 - (str[i].charCodeAt(0) - 'a'.charCodeAt(0)));

        // converting 'rem' character in range
        // 0-25 and storing in 'm'
        var m = (rem % 26);

        // printing character by adding ascii value of 'a'
        // so that it becomes in the desired range i.e. a-z
        str[i] = String.fromCharCode(m + 'a'.charCodeAt(0));
    }
    return str;
}

// Driver code
// Declaring str as 'geeksforgeeks'
var str = "geeksforgeeks";
document.write(manipulateString(str.split('')).join(''));

</script>

Output

fbbnddvbfbbnd

Complexity Analysis:

• Time Complexity: O(N), as we are using a loop to traverse N times so it will cost us O(N) time.
• Auxiliary Space: O(1), as we are not using any extra space.