Python str() function

Python str() function returns the string version of the object.

Syntax: str(object, encoding=’utf-8?, errors=’strict’)

Parameters:

• object: The object whose string representation is to be returned.
• encoding: Encoding of the given object.
• errors: Response when decoding fails.

Returns: String version of the given object

Python str() function example

Example 1: Demonstration of str() function

Python3

# Python program to demonstrate
# strings

# Empty string
s = str()
print(s)

# String with values
s = str("GFG")
print(s)

Output:

GFG

Example 2: Converting to string

Python3

# Python program to demonstrate
# strings

num = 100
s = str(num)
print(s, type(s))

num = 100.1
s = str(num)
print(s, type(s))

Output:

100 <class 'str'>
100.1 <class 'str'>

Errors in String

There are six types of error taken by this function.

• strict (default): it raises a UnicodeDecodeError.
• ignore: It ignores the unencodable Unicode
• replace: It replaces the unencodable Unicode with a question mark
• xmlcharrefreplace: It inserts XML character reference instead of the unencodable Unicode
• backslashreplace: inserts a \uNNNN Espace sequence instead of unencodable Unicode
• namereplace: inserts a \N{…} escape sequence instead of an unencodable Unicode

Example:

Python3

# Python program to demonstrate
# str()

a = bytes("ŽString", encoding = 'utf-8')
s = str(a, encoding = "ascii", errors ="ignore")
print(s)

Output:

String

In the above example, the character Ž should raise an error as it cannot be decoded by ASCII. But it is ignored because the errors is set as ignore.