Python Operators in general are used to perform operations on values and variables. These are standard symbols used for the purpose of logical and arithmetic operations. In this article, we will look into different types of Python operators.
Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators are used to performing mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
Operator
Description
Syntax
+
Addition: adds two operands
x + y
–
Subtraction: subtracts two operands
x – y
*
Multiplication: multiplies two operands
x * y
/
Division (float): divides the first operand by the second
x / y
//
Division (floor): divides the first operand by the second
x // y
%
Modulus: returns the remainder when the first operand is divided by the second
Assign value of right side of expression to left side operand
x = y + z
+=
Add AND: Add right-side operand with left side operand and then assign to left operand
a+=b a=a+b
-=
Subtract AND: Subtract right operand from left operand and then assign to left operand
a-=b a=a-b
*=
Multiply AND: Multiply right operand with left operand and then assign to left operand
a*=b a=a*b
/=
Divide AND: Divide left operand with right operand and then assign to left operand
a/=b a=a/b
%=
Modulus AND: Takes modulus using left and right operands and assign the result to left operand
a%=b a=a%b
//=
Divide(floor) AND: Divide left operand with right operand and then assign the value(floor) to left operand
a//=b a=a//b
**=
Exponent AND: Calculate exponent(raise power) value using operands and assign value to left operand
a**=b a=a**b
&=
Performs Bitwise AND on operands and assign value to left operand
a&=b a=a&b
|=
Performs Bitwise OR on operands and assign value to left operand
a|=b a=a|b
^=
Performs Bitwise xOR on operands and assign value to left operand
a^=b a=a^b
>>=
Performs Bitwise right shift on operands and assign value to left operand
a>>=b a=a>>b
<<=
Performs Bitwise left shift on operands and assign value to left operand
a <<= b a= a << b
Example: Assignment Operators in Python
Python3
# Examples of Assignment Operators
a =10
# Assign value
b =a
print(b)
# Add and assign value
b +=a
print(b)
# Subtract and assign value
b -=a
print(b)
# multiply and assign
b *=a
print(b)
# bitwise lishift operator
b <<=a
print(b)
Output
10
20
10
100
102400
Identity Operators
is and is not are the identity operators both are used to check if two values are located on the same part of the memory. Two variables that are equal d
t imply that they are identical.
is True if the operands are identical
is not True if the operands are not identical
Example: Identity Operator
Python3
a =10
b =20
c =a
print(a isnotb)
print(a isc)
Output
True
True
Membership Operators
in and not in are the membership operators; used to test whether a value or variable is in a sequence.
in True if value is found in the sequence
not in True if value is not found in the sequence
Example: Membership Operator
Python3
# Python program to illustrate
# not 'in' operator
x =24
y =20
list=[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
if(x notinlist):
print("x is NOT present in given list")
else:
print("x is present in given list")
if(y inlist):
print("y is present in given list")
else:
print("y is NOT present in given list")
Output
x is NOT present in given list
y is present in given list
This is used in an expression with more than one operator with different precedence to determine which operation to perform first.
Example: Operator Precedence
Python3
# Examples of Operator Precedence
# Precedence of '+' & '*'
expr =10+20*30
print(expr)
# Precedence of 'or' & 'and'
name ="Alex"
age =0
ifname =="Alex"orname =="John"andage >=2:
print("Hello! Welcome.")
else:
print("Good Bye!!")
Output
610
Hello! Welcome.
Operator Associativity
If an expression contains two or more operators with the same precedence then Operator Associativity is used to determine. It can either be Left to Right or from Right to Left.
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