Global Variable in Ruby

Global Variable has global scope and accessible from anywhere in the program. Assigning to global variables from any point in the program has global implications. Global variable are always prefixed with a dollar sign ($). If we want to have a single variable, which is available across classes, we need to define a global variable. By default, an uninitialized global variable has a nil value and its use can cause the programs to be cryptic and complex. Global variable can be change anywhere in program.
Syntax :

$global_variable = 5

Example :

# Ruby Program to understand Global Variable

# global variable
$global_variable = 10

# Defining class
class Class1
 def print_global
 puts "Global variable in Class1 is #$global_variable"
 end
end

# Defining Another Class
class Class2
 def print_global
 puts "Global variable in Class2 is #$global_variable"
 end
end

# Creating object
class1obj = Class1.new
class1obj.print_global

# Creating another object
class2obj = Class2.new
class2obj.print_global

Output :

Global variable in Class1 is 10
Global variable in Class2 is 10

In above example, a global variable define whose value is 10. This global variable can be access anywhere in the program.
Example :

# Ruby Program to understand global variable
$global_variable1 = "GFG"

# Defining Class
class Author
  def instance_method
    puts "global vars can be used everywhere. See? #{$global_variable1}, #{$another_global_var}"
  end
  def self.class_method
    $another_global_var = "Welcome to GeeksForGeeks"
    puts "global vars can be used everywhere. See? #{$global_variable1}"
  end
end

Author.class_method
# "global vars can be used everywhere. See? GFG"
# => "global vars can be used everywhere. See? GFG"

Author = Author.new
Author.instance_method
# "global vars can be used everywhere. See?
# GFG, Welcome to GeeksForGeeks"
# => "global vars can be used everywhere. See?
# GFG, Welcome to GeeksForGeeks"

Output :

global vars can be used everywhere. See? GFG
global vars can be used everywhere. See? GFG, Welcome to GeeksForGeeks

In above example, We define two global variable in a class. we create a object of class Author than call method.