Check if a given string is a valid number (Integer or Floating Point) in Java | SET 2 (Regular Expression approach)

In Set 1, we have discussed general approach to check whether a string is a valid number or not. In this post, we will discuss regular expression approach to check for a number. 

Examples:

Input : str = "11.5"
Output : true

Input : str = "abc"
Output : false

Input : str = "2e10"
Output : true

Input : 10e5.4
Output : false

Check if a given string is a valid Integer

For integer number : Below is the regular definition for an integer number.

sign -> + | - | epsilon
digit -> 0 | 1 | .... | 9
num -> sign digit digit*

Hence one of the regular expression for an integer number is

[+-]?[0-9][0-9]*

Implementation:

Java

// Java program to check whether given string
// is a valid integer number using regex

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

class GFG {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String input1 = "abc";
        String input2 = "1234";

        // regular expression for an integer number
        String regex = "[+-]?[0-9]+";

        // compiling regex
        Pattern p = Pattern.compile(regex);

        // Creates a matcher that will match input1 against
        // regex
        Matcher m = p.matcher(input1);

        // If match found and equal to input1
        if (m.find() && m.group().equals(input1))
            System.out.println(
                input1 + " is a valid integer number");
        else
            System.out.println(
                input1 + " is not a valid integer number");

        // Creates a matcher that will match input2 against
        // regex
        m = p.matcher(input2);

        // If match found and equal to input2
        if (m.find() && m.group().equals(input2))
            System.out.println(
                input2 + " is a valid integer number");
        else
            System.out.println(
                input2 + " is not a valid integer number");
    }
}

Output

abc is not a valid integer number
1234 is a valid integer number

Below are other short-hands regular expression for an integer number

[+-]?[0-9]+
[+-]?\d\d*
[+-]?\d+

Check if a given string is a valid floating point number

For floating point number : Below is the regular definition for a floating point number.

sign -> + | - | epsilon
digit -> 0 | 1 | .... | 9
digits -> digit digit*
optional_fraction -> . digits | epsilon
optional_exponent -> ((E | e) (+ | - | epsilon) digits) | epsilon
num -> sign digits optional_fraction optional_exponent

Hence one of the regular expression for a floating number is

[+-]?[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?

Implementation:

Java

//Java program to check whether given string
// is a valid floating point number using regex

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

class GFG
{
    public static void main (String[] args)
    {
        String input1 = "10e5.4";
        String input2 = "2e10";

        // regular expression for a floating point number
        String regex = "[+-]?[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)?([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?";

        // compiling regex
        Pattern p = Pattern.compile(regex);

        // Creates a matcher that will match input1 against regex
        Matcher m = p.matcher(input1);

        // If match found and equal to input1
        if(m.find() && m.group().equals(input1))
            System.out.println(input1 + " is a valid float number");
        else
            System.out.println(input1 + " is not a valid float number");

        // Creates a matcher that will match input2 against regex
        m = p.matcher(input2);

        // If match found and equal to input2
        if(m.find() && m.group().equals(input2))
                System.out.println(input2 + " is a valid float number");
        else
            System.out.println(input2 + " is not a valid float number");
    }
}

Output

10e5.4 is not a valid float number
2e10 is a valid float number

Below is other short-hand regular expression for a float number

[+-]?\d+(\.\d+)?([Ee][+-]?\d+)?

This article is contributed by Gaurav Miglani. If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like to contribute, you can also write an article using write.geeksforgeeks.org or mail your article to review-team@geeksforgeeks.org. See your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks.