C-LOOK Disk Scheduling Algorithm

Prerequisite: Disk Scheduling Algorithms

Given an array of disk track numbers and initial head position, our task is to find the total number of seek operations done to access all the requested tracks if C-LOOK disk scheduling algorithm is used. Also, write a program to find the seek sequence using C-LOOK disk scheduling algorithm.

C-LOOK (Circular LOOK) Disk Scheduling Algorithm:
C-LOOK is an enhanced version of both SCAN as well as LOOK disk scheduling algorithms. This algorithm also uses the idea of wrapping the tracks as a circular cylinder as C-SCAN algorithm but the seek time is better than C-SCAN algorithm. We know that C-SCAN is used to avoid starvation and services all the requests more uniformly, the same goes for C-LOOK. 
In this algorithm, the head services requests only in one direction(either left or right) until all the requests in this direction are not serviced and then jumps back to the farthest request on the other direction and service the remaining requests which gives a better uniform servicing as well as avoids wasting seek time for going till the end of the disk.

Algorithm-

1. Let Request array represents an array storing indexes of the tracks that have been requested in ascending order of their time of arrival and head is the position of the disk head.
2. The initial direction in which the head is moving is given and it services in the same direction.
3. The head services all the requests one by one in the direction it is moving.
4. The head continues to move in the same direction until all the requests in this direction have been serviced.
5. While moving in this direction, calculate the absolute distance of the tracks from the head.
6. Increment the total seek count with this distance.
7. Currently serviced track position now becomes the new head position.
8. Go to step 5 until we reach the last request in this direction.
9. If we reach the last request in the current direction then reverse the direction and move the head in this direction until we reach the last request that is needed to be serviced in this direction without servicing the intermediate requests.
10. Reverse the direction and go to step 3 until all the requests have not been serviced.

Examples:

Input:
Request sequence = {176, 79, 34, 60, 92, 11, 41, 114} 
Initial head position = 50 
Direction = right (Moving from left to right) 
Output:
Initial position of head: 50 
Total number of seek operations = 156 
Seek Sequence is 
60 
79 
92 
114 
176 
11 
34 
41 

The following chart shows the sequence in which requested tracks are serviced using C-LOOK. 

Therefore, the total seek count = (60 – 50) + (79 – 60) + (92 – 79) + (114 – 92) + (176 – 114) + (176 – 11) + (34 – 11) + (41 – 34) = 321

Implementation:
The implementation of the C-LOOK algorithm is given below. Note that the distance variable is used to store the absolute distance between the head and the current track position, disk_size is the size of the disk. Vectors left and right store all the request tracks on the left-hand side and the right-hand side of the initial head position respectively.

C++

// C++ implementation of the approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int size = 8;
int disk_size = 200;

// Function to perform C-LOOK on the request
// array starting from the given head
void CLOOK(int arr[], int head)
{
    int seek_count = 0;
    int distance, cur_track;
    vector<int> left, right;
    vector<int> seek_sequence;

    // Tracks on the left of the
    // head will be serviced when
    // once the head comes back
    // to the beginning (left end)
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        if (arr[i] < head)
            left.push_back(arr[i]);
        if (arr[i] > head)
            right.push_back(arr[i]);
    }

    // Sorting left and right vectors
    std::sort(left.begin(), left.end());
    std::sort(right.begin(), right.end());

    // First service the requests
    // on the right side of the
    // head
    for (int i = 0; i < right.size(); i++) {
        cur_track = right[i];

        // Appending current track to seek sequence
        seek_sequence.push_back(cur_track);

        // Calculate absolute distance
        distance = abs(cur_track - head);

        // Increase the total count
        seek_count += distance;

        // Accessed track is now new head
        head = cur_track;
    }

    // Once reached the right end
    // jump to the last track that
    // is needed to be serviced in
    // left direction
    seek_count += abs(head - left[0]);
    head = left[0];

    // Now service the requests again
    // which are left
    for (int i = 0; i < left.size(); i++) {
        cur_track = left[i];

        // Appending current track to seek sequence
        seek_sequence.push_back(cur_track);

        // Calculate absolute distance
        distance = abs(cur_track - head);

        // Increase the total count
        seek_count += distance;

        // Accessed track is now the new head
        head = cur_track;
    }

    cout << "Total number of seek operations = "
         << seek_count << endl;

    cout << "Seek Sequence is" << endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < seek_sequence.size(); i++) {
        cout << seek_sequence[i] << endl;
    }
}

// Driver code
int main()
{
    // Request array
    int arr[size] = { 176, 79, 34, 60,
                      92, 11, 41, 114 };
    int head = 50;

    cout << "Initial position of head: " << head << endl;

    CLOOK(arr, head);

    return 0;
}

Java

// Java implementation of the approach
import java.util.*;

class GFG{

static int size = 8;
static int disk_size = 200;

// Function to perform C-LOOK on the request
// array starting from the given head
public static void CLOOK(int arr[], int head)
{
    int seek_count = 0;
    int distance, cur_track;

    Vector<Integer> left = new Vector<Integer>();
    Vector<Integer> right = new Vector<Integer>();
    Vector<Integer> seek_sequence = new Vector<Integer>();

    // Tracks on the left of the
    // head will be serviced when
    // once the head comes back
    // to the beginning (left end)
    for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
    {
        if (arr[i] < head)
            left.add(arr[i]);
        if (arr[i] > head)
            right.add(arr[i]);
    }

    // Sorting left and right vectors
    Collections.sort(left);
    Collections.sort(right);

    // First service the requests
    // on the right side of the
    // head
    for(int i = 0; i < right.size(); i++)
    {
        cur_track = right.get(i);

        // Appending current track
        // to seek sequence
        seek_sequence.add(cur_track);

        // Calculate absolute distance
        distance = Math.abs(cur_track - head);

        // Increase the total count
        seek_count += distance;

        // Accessed track is now new head
        head = cur_track;
    }

    // Once reached the right end
    // jump to the last track that
    // is needed to be serviced in
    // left direction
    seek_count += Math.abs(head - left.get(0));
    head = left.get(0);

    // Now service the requests again
    // which are left
    for(int i = 0; i < left.size(); i++)
    {
        cur_track = left.get(i);

        // Appending current track to
        // seek sequence
        seek_sequence.add(cur_track);

        // Calculate absolute distance
        distance = Math.abs(cur_track - head);

        // Increase the total count
        seek_count += distance;

        // Accessed track is now the new head
        head = cur_track;
    }

    System.out.println("Total number of seek " +
                       "operations = " + seek_count);

    System.out.println("Seek Sequence is");

    for(int i = 0; i < seek_sequence.size(); i++)
    {
        System.out.println(seek_sequence.get(i));
    }
}

// Driver code
public static void main(String []args)
{

    // Request array
    int arr[] = { 176, 79, 34, 60,
                  92, 11, 41, 114 };
    int head = 50;

    System.out.println("Initial position of head: " +
                       head);

    CLOOK(arr, head);
}
}

// This code is contributed by divyesh072019

Python3

# Python3 implementation of the approach
size = 8
disk_size = 200

# Function to perform C-LOOK on the request
# array starting from the given head
def CLOOK(arr, head):

    seek_count = 0
    distance = 0
    cur_track = 0

    left = []
    right = []

    seek_sequence = []

    # Tracks on the left of the
    # head will be serviced when
    # once the head comes back
    # to the beginning (left end)
    for i in range(size):
        if (arr[i] < head):
            left.append(arr[i])
        if (arr[i] > head):
            right.append(arr[i])

    # Sorting left and right vectors
    left.sort()
    right.sort()

    # First service the requests
    # on the right side of the
    # head
    for i in range(len(right)):
        cur_track = right[i]

        # Appending current track
        # seek sequence
        seek_sequence.append(cur_track)

        # Calculate absolute distance
        distance = abs(cur_track - head)

        # Increase the total count
        seek_count += distance

        # Accessed track is now new head
        head = cur_track

    # Once reached the right end
    # jump to the last track that
    # is needed to be serviced in
    # left direction
    seek_count += abs(head - left[0])
    head = left[0]

    # Now service the requests again
    # which are left
    for i in range(len(left)):
        cur_track = left[i]

        # Appending current track to
        # seek sequence
        seek_sequence.append(cur_track)

        # Calculate absolute distance
        distance = abs(cur_track - head)

        # Increase the total count
        seek_count += distance

        # Accessed track is now the new head
        head = cur_track

    print("Total number of seek operations =",
          seek_count)
    print("Seek Sequence is")

    for i in range(len(seek_sequence)):
        print(seek_sequence[i])

# Driver code

# Request array
arr = [ 176, 79, 34, 60,
        92, 11, 41, 114 ]
head = 50

print("Initial position of head:", head)

CLOOK(arr, head)

# This code is contributed by rag2127

C#

// C# implementation of the approach
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class GFG{

static int size = 8;

// Function to perform C-LOOK on the request
// array starting from the given head
static void CLOOK(int[] arr, int head)
{
    int seek_count = 0;
    int distance, cur_track;

    List<int> left = new List<int>();
    List<int> right = new List<int>();
    List<int> seek_sequence = new List<int>();

    // Tracks on the left of the
    // head will be serviced when
    // once the head comes back
    // to the beginning (left end)
    for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
    {
        if (arr[i] < head)
            left.Add(arr[i]);
        if (arr[i] > head)
            right.Add(arr[i]);
    }

    // Sorting left and right vectors
    left.Sort();
    right.Sort();

    // First service the requests
    // on the right side of the
    // head
    for(int i = 0; i < right.Count; i++)
    {
        cur_track = right[i];

        // Appending current track
        // to seek sequence
        seek_sequence.Add(cur_track);

        // Calculate absolute distance
        distance = Math.Abs(cur_track - head);

        // Increase the total count
        seek_count += distance;

        // Accessed track is now new head
        head = cur_track;
    }

    // Once reached the right end
    // jump to the last track that
    // is needed to be serviced in
    // left direction
    seek_count += Math.Abs(head - left[0]);
    head = left[0];

    // Now service the requests again
    // which are left
    for(int i = 0; i < left.Count; i++)
    {
        cur_track = left[i];

        // Appending current track to
        // seek sequence
        seek_sequence.Add(cur_track);

        // Calculate absolute distance
        distance = Math.Abs(cur_track - head);

        // Increase the total count
        seek_count += distance;

        // Accessed track is now the new head
        head = cur_track;
    }

    Console.WriteLine("Total number of seek " +
                      "operations = " + seek_count);

    Console.WriteLine("Seek Sequence is");

    for(int i = 0; i < seek_sequence.Count; i++)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(seek_sequence[i]);
    }
}

// Driver code
static void Main()
{

    // Request array
    int[] arr = { 176, 79, 34, 60,
                  92, 11, 41, 114 };
    int head = 50;

    Console.WriteLine("Initial position of head: " +
                      head);

    CLOOK(arr, head);
}
}

// This code is contributed by divyeshrabadiya07

Javascript

<script>

    // Javascript implementation of the approach

    let size = 8;

    // Function to perform C-LOOK on the request
    // array starting from the given head
    function CLOOK(arr, head)
    {
        let seek_count = 0;
        let distance, cur_track;

        let left = [];
        let right = [];
        let seek_sequence = [];

        // Tracks on the left of the
        // head will be serviced when
        // once the head comes back
        // to the beginning (left end)
        for(let i = 0; i < size; i++)
        {
            if (arr[i] < head)
                left.push(arr[i]);
            if (arr[i] > head)
                right.push(arr[i]);
        }

        // Sorting left and right vectors
        left.sort(function(a, b){return a - b});
        right.sort(function(a, b){return a - b});

        // First service the requests
        // on the right side of the
        // head
        for(let i = 0; i < right.length; i++)
        {
            cur_track = right[i];

            // Appending current track
            // to seek sequence
            seek_sequence.push(cur_track);

            // Calculate absolute distance
            distance = Math.abs(cur_track - head);

            // Increase the total count
            seek_count += distance;

            // Accessed track is now new head
            head = cur_track;
        }

        // Once reached the right end
        // jump to the last track that
        // is needed to be serviced in
        // left direction
        seek_count += Math.abs(head - left[0]);
        head = left[0];

        // Now service the requests again
        // which are left
        for(let i = 0; i < left.length; i++)
        {
            cur_track = left[i];

            // Appending current track to
            // seek sequence
            seek_sequence.push(cur_track);

            // Calculate absolute distance
            distance = Math.abs(cur_track - head);

            // Increase the total count
            seek_count += distance;

            // Accessed track is now the new head
            head = cur_track;
        }

        document.write("Total number of seek " +
                          "operations = " + seek_count + "</br>");

        document.write("Seek Sequence is" + "</br>");

        for(let i = 0; i < seek_sequence.length; i++)
        {
            document.write(seek_sequence[i] + "</br>");
        }
    }

    // Request array
    let arr = [ 176, 79, 34, 60, 92, 11, 41, 114 ];
    let head = 50;

    document.write("Initial position of head: " + head + "</br>");

    CLOOK(arr, head);

</script>

Output:

Initial position of head: 50
Total number of seek operations = 321
Seek Sequence is
60
79
92
114
176
11
34
41