Addition of Two 8 Bit Numbers in 8051 Microcontroller Using Ports

8051 microcontroller is a microcontroller designed by Intel in 1981. It is an 8-bit microcontroller with 40 pins DIP (dual inline package), 4kb of ROM storage and 128 bytes of RAM storage, 2 16-bit timers. It consists of four parallel 8-bit ports, which are programmable as well as addressable as per the requirement.

Problem: To write an assembly language program to add two 8 bit numbers in 8051 microcontroller using ports.

Example:

Block diagram:

Algorithm:

• Initialize Ports P0 and P1 as input ports.
• Initialize Ports P2 and P3 as output ports.
• Initialize the R1 register.
• Move the contents from Port 0 to B register.
• Move the contents from Port 1 to A register.
• Add contents in A and B.
• If carry is present increment R1.
• Move contents in R1 to Port 2.
• Move the sum in step 6 to Port 3.

Program:

ORG 00H                   // Indicates starting address

MOV P0,#0FFH              // Initializes P0 as input port
MOV P1,#0FFH              // Initializes P1 as input port
MOV P2,#00H               // Initializes P2 as output port
MOV P3,#00H               // Initializes P3 as output port

L1:MOV R1, #00H          // Initializes Register R1
MOV B,P0                 // Moves content of P0 to B
MOV A,P1                 // Moves content of P1 to A
CLR C                    // Clears carry flag
ADD A,B                  // Add the content of A and B and store result in A
JNC L2                   // If carry is not set, jump to label L2
INC R1                   // Increment Register R1 if carry present

L2: MOV P2, R1            // Moves the content from Register R1 to Port2
MOV P3,A                 // Moves the content from A to Port3
SJMP L1                  // Jumps to label L1
END

Explanation:

• ORG 00H is the starting address of the program.
• Giving the values as #0FFH and #00H initializes the ports as input and output ports respectively.
• R1 register is initialized to 0 so as to store any carry produced during the sum.
• MOV B, P0 moves the value present in P0 to the B register.
• MOV A, P1 moves the value present in P1 to Accumulator.
• ADD AB adds the values present in Accumulator and B register and stores the result in Accumulator.
• JNC L2 refers to jump to label L2 if no carry is present by automatically checking whether the carry bit is set or not.
• If the carry bit is set to increment register R1.
• MOV P2, R1, and MOV P3, A refers to moving the carry bit to P2 and result in Accumulator to P3.

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